Glomerular basement membrane Totally Explained

Everything about The Glomerular Basement Membrane totally explained

The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration though the filtration slits between the podocytes, separating the blood on the inside from the filtrate on the outside. It is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas.

Layers

The GBM contains three layers:

Layer	Location	Composition	Function
lamina rara externa	adjacent to podocyte processes	heparan sulfate	blocks by charge
lamina densa	dark central zone	type 4 collagen and laminin	blocks by size (MW > 69,000)
lamina rara interna	adjacent to endothelial cells	heparan sulfate	blocks by charge

Pathology

Goodpasture's syndrome is also known as "anti-glomerular basement membrane disease". Capillaries become inflamed as a result of damage to the basement membrane by antibodies.

Nephrotic syndrome is a change in the structure of the glomerular filtration mechanism usually in the glomerular basement membrane. Some symptoms include proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, oedema, and hyperlipidemia.

Diabetic glomerulosclerosis is a thickening of the basement membrane, which can become up to 4-5 times thicker than normal. Can be caused by insulin deficiency or resultant hyperglycemia.Further Information

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